Frame points are mainpoints on the image's perimeter
 


         
Connect the Dots

It is rather easy to draw a boundary of straight line segments between the main peripheral points of this Stone-Age engraving from the rock-shelter of La Marche. This is the 'Frame' - as simple a step as can be towards checking the image for hints of planned layout.  

Beginner's luck

It was 1985, at the end of Stone-Age for computing masses. I was one of the primitives with no scanner, nor computer to help me with graphics. Life-size copies of the picture were too small for me to do accurate work on with the classic ruler and compasses, and so I got a sheaf of 2:1 blow-ups from the nearby printers.
It just so happens that
at double-size, the engraving's units of length equal the metric system. Now, my readings were the same as the designer's intended values. The measurements were rounded to the nearest millimeter, the finest detail available on my ruler. Was this a phenomenally lucky coincidence? I don't believe in coincidences in this case anymore.  

  


The Game of Quotes

At the first glance, the thirteen whole numbers - the distances between points of the Frame in millimeters - are no big deal. Yet, if our goal were to show off to keen observers one's advanced knowledge of Pi,  Phi, and Equinoctial Precession, then these numbers would be the ideal  choices, presented in their ideal order
The Stone-Age designers made the search for secrets in the Frame into a bona-fide logical game of numbers. As such it also has set rules. Among the
objectives - to quote Pi, and Phi, and rates of Equinoctial Precession as many times as possible, and as far as the following:

Pi   =  3.141592653589793238..     Eighteen decimals
Phi =  1.6180339887..                    Ten decimals      
Equinoctial Precession  -  rates match today's state of art measurements.  

This set of only thirteen whole numbers ranging from 16 to 175 accomplishes all that.
Clearly, its designers had to be highly sophisticated, and in possession of astronomical instruments at least equal to what we have now. This insight leads to the conclusion that the Stone-Age site of La Marche had been tampered with, or even entirely staged fourteen millenia ago, in order to provide medium for camouflaged science-art. 
I believe that the 
Frame holds the universal patent on this type of communication regarding the two most fundamental mathematical ratios - Pi, and Phi. It also holds the global patent on Equinoctial Precession riddles. No other set of thirteen whole numbers can rival the Frame in its suitability for this task, because the Frame seizes the best available opportunities. Could this be by chance? What odds would have to be overcome?
There is a staggering quantity of possible combinations of thirteen whole numbers in the range from about 10 to about 180, as long as their total falls somewhere between 1,000 and 1,300. Since each number can appear more than once, and the order matters as well, the stupendous odds against worsen yet again into the one out of octillions. The Frame is the best solution for the above stated objectives among octillions of competing combinations possible.
Anyone not in agreement with this logical assumption is invited to provide a competing solution.

The Game Rules, and Gamepieces

The Frame can be scrambled into roughly 4,000 unique combinations of segments, but we can break it up into only 156 unique pieces (made of one, or more 
segments)If we want to check the Frame for rational meaning, we should look into these 156 unique pieces
In addition, there is something called 'the Strong Connection' between points B and G. This connection proves of great importance in a number of ways. It is considered the equivalent of a direct connection. 
S
equences of directly connected segments become gamepieces (logical objects, or modules) when they make sense in the context with other gamepieces, when subject to mutual addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and even rounding. The main rule is that the gamepiece for the next move must be either a part of the first gamepiece, or immediately adjacent to it. Segments connected across the Frame by the points B and G are also considered immediately adjacent ( as if  B and G were connected through subspace).


The Frame plays at least ten major games

Game 1  -  360 degrees of order symbolizing Pi

Game 2  -  Quoting Pi to eighteen decimals

Game 3  -  Quoting Phi to ten decimals  

Game 4  -  The Strong Connection (all combinations work, plus, a Pi approximation good to six decimals)

Game 5  -  Frame arranged by segment size (Zodiac and Osiris numbers)

Game 6  -  Frame ordered by unique segment values (
Zodiac and Osiris numbers)

Game 7  -  Equinoctial Precession value quotes on three levels of accuracy - (Zodiac and Osiris numbers)

Game 8  - Cyclical fractions and the 'Wheel of 113' (the cycle as a pie-chart of moduli)

The Frame also presents geometry games

Game 9  - The Hex-machine (a grand design of three generations of 6-pointed stars

Game 10 -  A system of two 5-pointed stars

Within these major games we find plays, which could be seen  as complete games
by themselves. For instance, the Frame as eleven unique values in sequence has two sections, one all Osiris numbers, the other all non-Osiris numbers, however, whose underlying order gives Osiris values.


Game One  - Opening Moves (beginner level)

The
Frame serves as the doorway into the picture, but there must be something to entice us in, some attention-getter, a sign above the door, and a doorhandle. Sure enough, there are at once several interesting attention-grabbing opening moves, all in one big section.

The Section of Regular Proportions   

 27
    54
       108
     81
 27

The section of five segments spanning the points H to M exhibits a variety of regular proportions. The relative distance intervals are: 1-2-4-3-1, or  (27-54-108-81-27). It is a certainty that these whole proportions, as well as the actual numbers look deliberate. It makes the Frame legitimately interesting.

The Frame lends itself to transformation into a pie-chart   

Pi & Phi

The number 16 is of interest in part because it could represent the first two digits of Phi, the acclaimed Golden Ratio, and it is the base of the hexadecimal system. A check of the next door neighbors of 16, reveals that they total 314. Of course, those are the first three digits of Pi, the best known ratio of all.  

         139
16
                175

Here Phi is embraced by Pi.  Is this a sign of things to come?  
Without these three segments, the entire
rest of the Frame forms a regular pattern, and this pattern again symbolizes the Pi! 

T
wice 340 (680), next to twice 108 (216) The arrangement is  shown below.

       113
            147
       80
       113
            146
 27
    54

       108
     81
 27

What is the ratio between the groups?
1
           Pi (3.14.....)    !!!                

 680/216 =  3.14...  The first three digits are those of Pi.

2
           Pi (3.14.....)                   

 340/108 =  3.14...  
These two shorter sections nest within the larger order. We have at once two approximations of Pi (680/216, and 340/108).             
3
The second 340 section (clockwise) is next to the segment of 80. Their total of 420 is a composite number expandable into 3 x 140, or 314 without the multiplication symbol. 
4
           Pi (3.14)                

So, the open ended Pi sequence of ten consecutive segments adjoins the segment of 139 on one end, and the segment of 175 on the other, totallling  314, the first three digits of P.  
This 314 expresses the ratio found twice in the ten segment section, but on the scale of 1:100.

Allowing decimal shifts of scale makes the game possible. Otherwise, 3.14
units in lifesize would be too miniature ( .14 of half a millimeter equals .003 of an inch.




5

360 degrees of order

           Pi (3.1416)    !!!              

Embedded in 314 is 16, the last segment left in the circuit.

         139
16
                175

We have
314 & 16, which symbolizes 31416 - Pi rounded to five digits. Onee circuit around the Frame devoted to Pi is complete. This game is a win!

6&7
Game Two  - Quoting Pi to eighteen decimals -

Opening Moves 

 Pi (3.14..) !!!   &  Pi (3.1416)    !!!      

Let's shift our focus one segment to the left in the counter-clockwise direction.  

         

The millimeter values 27 and 139 round out to centimeters as 3 and 14.
This is symbolization of Pi by a two segment sequence. but once we acknowledge, we cannot ignore the 16, which is next to it : 3-14-16..  
Pi rounded to four decimals.

8&9
           Pi (3.14159..)    !!!    

The above three segments with the addition of 175 make sense as two pairs.
The first pair says 3_14.
A subtraction operation in the second pair, 175 - 16 gives 159.   So, 3 14 159
 - the first 6 digits of Pi.

We also get to the same result with just three of the four segments.

         139
16
                175

    314    (175+139)     159   (175-16)

Note that 175 is used twice.   

Game Three  -  Introduction to Composite Numbers and

                                                                 Phi  !!! 

The Game Two is not over yet, but already a new game gets underway.
Subtracting from 175 on the left helped us with the Pi's first six digits. Now, doing the same on the right of 175 leaves 62 - the fraction of Phi rounded to two decimals.
Does Phi find additional support here?  The two segments to the left of 16 make a pretty play on Pi. Could the two segments to the right of 16 possibly make a pretty play on Phi

16
        175
    113

                       175 + 113  = 288  = 16 x 18

So, 16 is contained
18 even times in the next two segments.  The Ancients seem to be trying to bring our attention to composite numbers. Although 288 breaks down into various multiples of whole numbers, the presence of 16 before 288 indicates that if we look at 288 as a composite number, it should be in the following manner:

16 * 18   Without the multiplication sign:

1618the first four digits of Phi! 

So, Phi does find additional support, here.
Note: If the 175 (one-half millimeters) was originally a hair over, it would round up to 18 cm. Then we could read the location as 16-18 yet again! (I can't remember just now, will check it later)
Yet another indication seems to be that we should not view composite numbers as such unless there is some clue in the context to do so.  We shall keep all this advice in mind. 

10&11

Back to Game Two

    Pi    =    3.1415926..       
                                          The first eight digits of Pi    

 27
139
 16
 175
 113
 147

    3             14                           159   (175-16)                    260  (113+147)      


 139
 16
 175
 113
 147

  314   (175+139)      159   (175-16)                    260  (113+147)      

The two combinations making for 3.14 159 are next to a segment pair, which adds up to 260 millimeters, or 26 centimeters.
To sum it up, a section of six segments (three segment pairs), and a section comprising five of the six segments, are both directly readable as Pi in eight correct digits. 

12
   Pi    =    3.1415926535..    
To get up to ten digits of the Pi fraction, next, we would like 535.

What's next-door to  
260  (113+147)?  It is 175 on the left, and 80 on the right
 

   175
       113
      147
        80

First, 175:
In fact,  175 was so far proving very versatile in operations yielding control values of Pi and Phi. It worked with virtually everything around it:

175 + 139       = 314
175 + 113       = 288  = 16 x 18 (1618, Phi in four digits)
175 - 113        =   62          (0.62 is Phi minor rounded to two decimals)  instance c of Phi
175 - 16          = 159          (a group of three digits from the fraction of Pi)

175 / 108        = 1.620..  (Phi rounded to two decimals, 81+27=108) instance d of Phi

The number 175 does everything here. Since it also works as part of the composite number 288, we may check if it might do the job for us as a composite number all by itself.  It does do that.

       175 = 5 x 35  (535)

Pi
  =  3.1415926535..


The section of six segments reading out Pi values is shown in color in the pie-chart above. It covers just over half the circuit.

13

Next-door to the right of 260 is 80mms, or 8 cms. This was simple.
Pi    =    3.14159265358..    

precession happens at 0.0139697 degree a year


After 8, the next three Pi digits are 979.

14
The next nine segments average seventy-nine units each !!!


113  + 146 + 27 + 54 + 108 + 81 + 27 +139 + 16 = 711 = 9 x 79
   Those are the three digits we are looking for. Besides this, the composite 711 also translates as  3 x 237.


Pi
   =    3.14159265358979..   


Time to note that in 
reading the Pi-value out to fifteen digits, we have covered more than the entire Frame, once again. 
15
At this point, I had to go back to the web to load up on some more Pi decimals :) To extend the Pi sequence by three more digits again, we need a  323. Is it not amazing that 711 translates as either 9x79, or 3x237, and nothing else? That's six digits of Pi in a row,  979 323, but the seventh digit, the 7 is off by one.  So, is there a pure way to get the digits 323?
W
e've stopped on the segment of 16, at the point B, where we've been before. This is also where the Strong Connection cuts acrosss the Frame to G. For more on the Strong Connection use this anchor, or just take my word that it exists, and that it is very important. Note, how in the image below, the B-G line travels through the origin point of the purple square, which is also central to quite a lot of other systems.  In this way the Frame acquires another loop, and 16 becomes directly connected to both 113, and 146, and likewise to the sequence 80, 113, 146, whose total is 339. This sequence is exceptionally important.




What a coincidence then that in the 
pie-chart 16 balances beautifully over the 339 section. The symmetry between the two is the best possible (count the intervening spaces, 436, and 435).  




339 - 16 = 323 !!!

By the way, 339+16 also has a role, seen later in this study.
Pi    =    3.14159265358979323....    !!!



16

After this, the Pi digits are 846 264 33.. Of course, there is 80, as part of the section of 339.  We get yet another digit, but the method strikes out afterwards. The score had reached eighteen Pi decimals, and certainly represents the Stone-Age mark to beat. 

Pi    =    3.141592653589793238....    !!!



Game Three Resumes:

Around the Frame in Phi

We did more than a couple of complete circuits of the Frame chasing Pi, and on top of that we got started with Phi as 1618,  using 113 in (175+113=288 = 16x18).
e
113 & Phi

Why 113, does 113 have anything special to do with Phi? 

Phi = 1.6180 339 887..   where we find 113 in

           339
= 113 x 3     and


                 887
= 1000 - 113


Judging by the above, the answer is a conditional yes.  Fascinating, there are two segments of 113, without which the Frame equals 1,000 units even.
Of interest again, the average segment length in the next three sequences of three segments is 113.

f
1.618 034    Phi rounded to six decimals
First, C to F is 340, and D to G is 340 again. Obviously there is some emphasis on 340, here. Is it because Phi rounded to six decimals is  1.618 034   ?
g
Phi!  1.6180339..


There is no way to express a zero all by itself (1.618 0 3), but, we could replace the 8 with 80. We see this value in the very next sequence of three segments  80_113_146.  It is 80 being first in a short sequence totalling 339 !!!
This sequence is like a Swiss-knife, of use on multiple occasions. Being important, it has a name - Tri-balance..


h
Phi!  1.61 80 339 887..  (Phi in ten decimals)

W
hat is left of the Frame after we remove the Tri-balance (339) from it?  Not 887?
 
1226 - 339 =  887
  !!! 
This marks the third time, we have absolved the entire circuit of the Frame victoriously. 

Visual Confirmation!

There is an obvious inner divide in the image, as the line subtending both the 339 and 887 sections visibly serves this purpose. From H to E, the image has a point on this line eight consecutive times out of nine possible, and the miss is by only a little bit.  



Follow the Arrow

L
ook at the shaft of the yellow umbrella, It is a perfect arrow striking through the bull's eye! The line connecting B and G across the image finds the red crosshairs - the center of the Square, and the engraving's geometry. The line divides the 120 degree angle FGH right down the middle into two 60 degree angles, thus creating a component of a regular geometrical figure - the hexagon. 

The pivotal 0,0 point, the Square's center creates an equilateral triangle with E, F, and G. 


Notably, the head rests on a triangle's basis, and is
about equidistant to the other two. This triangle simply begs experimental completion into a hexagon centering in the 0,0 point, the center of the Square. 
That hexagon then fits the figure from head to toe. Note the containment of the figure within the envelope. The fact that this hexagon is the offspring of two other hexagons also merits a mention! 
see:  The Frame - Game 9 -  The HexMachine




The Strong Connection - Game 4

The hexagon reinforces the B-G connection between 16 and 175 on one side, 113 and 146 on the other
. Let's see what happens between these values. 
i
113 + 146 = 259 
                     259 / 16 = 16.18..
                                       1618..   The first four digits of Phi !!!

Then pairing of 16 and 113 only creates a sensation right away.
18                                     
  
16  / 113 = .141592..  The Pi  fraction correct to a millionth!!!
Mathematicians automatically recognize this 16 / 113 as part of the most accurate approximation of Pi there is, which is given by a ratio of two whole numbers. This is definitely the time to look around. To complete the approximation, we need 355 instead of 16, or 339 in addition to make up the difference.
19

Pi to six decimal places!!!

 355 / 113 = 3.141592..

80  +  113146   = 3 * 113 = 339

339 is connected to 16

(339 + 16)  / 113
 =  
355 / 113 = 3.141592..

The
diagram makes plain that 16 is optimally balanced above the 339 section. The symmetry between the two is the best possible, count the intervening spaces (436 and 435).  It emphasizes the relationship 16 & 339, across the Strong Connection. The total of the two is 355, while 113 dominates the landscape. It is not unreasonable to be inquisitive about the ratio between the two.


20&21

In the landscape of 113s and 355s


The four segments to the left of 16 add up to 355.  Here, we can read

The section of 355 minus the 16 on the right equals the 339 across the Strong Connection
. Thus, this section of 355 is bound with both 113, and 113 x 3 (339). We have here ratios like  355/113.. (Pi) and
355/339 (Pi/3).
22&23
The section of 355 is itself embedded in two multiples of 113:  113 x 4, which is then expanded by the Tri-balance section to 113 x 7, as everything clockwise from 80 through 16 equals seven whole multiples of 113. 
                                    T
he ratio between 355 and 113x7 is Pi / 7.  
                                    The ratio between 355 and 113x4 is Pi / 4.  



Magic squares

Removing the section of seven multiples of 113, leaves 175_113_147.

quote:

The magic constants of normal magic squares of order n = 3, 4, 5, … are (sequence A006003 in OEIS):

15, 34, 65, 111, 175, 260, 369, 505, 671, 870

The numbers in any row, column, or diagonal of a normal magic square form a magic series.

So, 175_113_147 can be read as 175_260 (113+147=260) just like the above series, and 147 - 113 = 34, also a value from the above series. 

24

The Connection plus two values to the left

The two values to the left of both 16 and 113 add up to 339.    
                 146 + 27 + 27 + 139 = 339
Add the 339 to the 16 and divide it by the 113.   






The Strong Connection - the other variants:

       16 & 146,    175 & 113,    175 & 146


We looked at 16 with 113. What about 16 with 146?

16 + 146 =  162   Phi rounded to three digits

175 & 113 = 288 = Osiris number

We already know that 113 + 175 =  16 x 18 , or 1618 - Phi in the first four digits. But, 288 is also a multiple of  36, and an Osiris Number.

 175 & 146  -
 Maximum symmetry across the Strong Connection!

We have seen maximum symmetry across the Strong Connection between 16 and  339.  That symmetry signalled important meaning.
Well, 175 and 146 also have the maximum possible symmetry between them, with gaps of 452 mms (113 x 4) on one side, and 453mms (113 x 4) + 1 on the other. So, by all rights, this symmetrical connection should also be significant, and 113 might be involved. 


25776 = 71.6 years per degree times 360

175 *  146  =  25,550

What is attached to the right of 175 and 146? _  Twice 113.

25,550 plus 226
(twice 113) equals 25,776  !!!

Equinoctial Precession

Not until the onset of the 20th century did modern science possess a more accurate value for the rate of precession than one degree  in 71.6 years, marking 25,776 years as one cycle of equinoctial precession (a complete turn of the Zodiac)  Locally, this fact serves to fortify the Strong Connection, which now works in symbolizing Pi, Phi, and the Zodiac. 

All the values of the Frame below 113 (16, 27, 54, 80, 81, 108)
have a common denominator of 6480, or one-fourth of 25920.  Ever since antiquity until the Steam Age, the latter number had been the standard for one precessional cycle. Now, it is turning up as another subject of the Frame, but we are not done yet with Pi, although we have exhausted the subject of Pi in this form of the Frame. Up to here, we have found twenty-three statements on Pi. 

Arranged by Segment Size          Game 5                                           

First, we can also look at the Frame as a sequence of numbers arranged by size, and then as a sequence of unique numbers arranged by size.



Like this, the Frame has two clearly different sections, the numbers below 113 with the common denominator of  6,480, and the rest, which begins with twice 113. One is obviously meaningful, the other is not obvious at all.

Obvious:

 
16   27   27   54   80   81  108  

A
ll these fit the category of the so called precessional code numbers (sometimes called Osiris numbers).

Unobvious: 

 113  113  139   146  147  175

These are divisible into two groups, each of which involves an approximation of  Pi.

25a
The two segments of 113 together -  226, multiplied by 139 approximates Pi as 31414, where the first four digits are correct.

226 * 139
=
31414
      

26a
The following three segments 146, 147, 175 add up to 468  (36*13), and 468 gives the decimals of Pi correct to six digits, when divided by 113  

468/113 = 4.141592
.. 

Up to here, we came across implications of Pi twenty-six times!


            Arranging the segments by vallue creates additional order

   (113 + 113) * 139 = 31414
    113 + 113  + 139 = 365            - the number of whole days in a year
    113 + 113           = 226
 
Let's replace 31414 with 3.1416 in the equation below:


   226 * 365 * 3.1416 =  25,915.0584 * 10 - approximately ten precessional cycles  





The World's oldest puzzle on Osiris Numbers


Documenting Osiris numbers in use back in 14,000 BPE!

                                       
Some years ago, Giorgio de Santillana,  professor of History of Science at MIT, and a German colleague of his, professor Hertha von Dechend, proposed that prehistorical knowledge of equinoctial precession was incorporated, or encoded into mythology, etc., around the world.  The precessional code involves a select group of numbers known as the Osiris Numbers. In effect, these numbers round up the precessional cycle to 25,920 years. Despite being 150 years off, this accuracy had only been surpassed late in the steam-stage of the modern industrial era.

http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/hamlets_mill/hamletmill.htm
                                           
 
   The Frame as a set of eleven unique segments       Game 6

In another natural arrangement, we look at the Frame, as eleven unique values. In this form, the Frame fully focuses on both the Precession of Equinoxes, and the Osiris numbers, but, we also have:

618  the start of Phi's fractional part 

Just mark 618 off on the chart, as
the total of the first eight unique values of eleven on the Frame. 

618 = 16 +  27 +  54 + 80 + 81 + 108 +  113 + 139  

So, we get a Phi symbol next to a Pi symbol, because as we saw it in the previous example
(146, 147, 175 =  468 , which gives the decimals of Pi correct to six digits, when divided by 113  

468/113 = 4.141592
.. 


The Frame deals with the Precession of Equinoxes on three levels of accuracy, with the top level at par to ours.

Game 7   
Equinoctial Precession - level 1 - the Zodiac of 25,920 years


 

 16   27  54   80    81   108   113   139  146   147  175

  
The six smallest values are all openly Osiris numbers. All divide 25,920  -  traditionally, the number of yearss in one cycle of the Zodiac - into whole numbers.


                On this first level of accuracy:

constellations shift one degree in                       72 years,                                                 
one of the twelve Zodiac houses, or ages in   2,160 years, 
1/6 of the heavenly mill in               &nbs