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Nazca  Monkey & the Seal of Atlantis

 

"..the figures with their beautiful and regular curves, which could only have been produced in these giant sizes if every piece, being part of a circle, had a radius and a centre whose length and exact position were carefully laid out." (Maria Reiche on Nazca)

(sic) She might have added, ".. in systematic consideration of the entire design."

The Geometric Nature of Nazca

The entire Nazca plain and some of the surrounding Andean foot-hills host a world-unique, spectacular panorama of numerous lines, trapezoids, animal and plant figures. Not surprizingly, Nazca theories are dime a dozen, some on the borderline of reason. Of this merry company, Daniken's astronaut theory has provoked  most scorn unanimously relegating it to the lunatic bin. But, even the far more serious and methodical Maria Reiche, the saviour of Nazca from being plowed into fields, had her theory about astronomical alignments subjected to analysis and dismissed. That has cast a shadow in which Reiche's observations on the geometry within the figures are simply overlooked.
Johan Reinhard notes that an extraordinary proportion of trapezoids trace the course of geological faults bearing water from aquifers. Good observation! It throws some light on those trapezoids and triangles.
Anthony Aveni's popular theory about the religious-magic significance of the Nazca lines presumes that because of the dry microclimate, water was uppermost on the collective mind of Nazcans; so, they had made the lines for walking as a form of rain-dancing. For support, he cites a mystical experience he had when walking the contours of 
the hummingbird figure - But the general consensus, including Aveni, attributes the animal and plant figures to the older pre-Nazcan people of the Paracas culture.. Clearly, explaining the lines by the animal figures, yet denying connections between the two, is a blatant faux-pas. And if Nazcans had indeed adopted Paracan magic practices of decorating the desert, why did they create an entirely new style and treat the older figures as if they weren't there? Perhaps, a line crossing over a figure doesn't make the line ages younger and, or irrelevant to the figure. 
Aveni says that Nazcans had traditionally associated spiders with water, hence the giant spider glyph keeps in character with the aqueous aspect of Nazca -- My doubts about this speculation stem from memories of trying to rescue spiders fallen into bathtubs; most drowned in under a minute. In my mind, spiders can only symbolize preference for dry places.
Soliciting rain by walkathons within a symbol of love for dryness in a place meant by higher powers to be rainless seems counter-intuitive.
There are other ways to speculate, too: After a couple of generations, Nazcans would learn that rain over the Nazcan desert, 
one of the most arid places on Earth, is a perfect non-factor. They would see the old figures unchanged over decades, whence the yerning to add their own drawings to an eternal gallery. Naturally, such drawings must be heavy in symbolism, and have hermetic significance. Since practically everything at Nazca is interconnected, the glyphs may be telling a very long and detailed story.
I hope, the few broad brush-strokes above sketch quickly how most theories on Nazca indulge in 
pure speculation. Still, I am not here to criticise but rather to be constructive (pun intended). Nazca's mystery may  endure; nevertheless, an empirical approach does produce certain tangible results. Firstly, Maria Reiche was on the right track in ascribing a degree of geometric sophistication to the glyphs. I've encountered  this sophistication through detailed study of just one figure, the monkey, for I had no time, nor resources, nor willingness to tackle any of the other glyphs. Anyhow, Reiche indicates that certain facts can be established as either true or false by measurement and geometric analysis of a given design.  My study has simply progressed a bit further along this premise. As for applicability of what I learned about the monkey to the rest of Nazca,  again it is Reiche making a relevant observation:  "This drawing (the monkey, sic) consists of no more than two elements. One is a wide line (or better geometric surface, being at the beginning twice as wide as at the end) with a stem which, almost a mile long, leads into the maze of lines at the edge of the pampa, (my emph.)
It is interesting to note that here we have a clear physical connection between the supposedly unconnected figures and lines. This connection means that the monkey's hermetic depth may be intrinsic to all of the grand-design of Nazca. Like the plentiful pure water flowing under the sere Nazcan surface, the desert decorations have a rational geometric under-current.
Yet, 
to see the monkey's global connections and significance is more important: This article presents ample proof that the monkey, is a masterpiece of Science-Art, which originates from the same template as a certain prehistoric engraving from France!Both  figures go through several identical stages of development by exact geometric construction before differentiation. Let me add that the ground plan of Giza is also involved in this plot. Evidently, if I am right, this whole thing is big -  one-small-step grown into a giant-leap..
                                                                                  *
  Let's get down to business: A careful analysis will show that the monkey has two pronounced postures at once. One relates to a 5-pointed star, and one is oriented to the cardinal directions. Unfortunately, there are almost no clues to help one retrace the original process of deriving the latter from the former. 
The easily discovered cardinal alignment of the figure appears to be self-explanatory, and unfortunately, such an illusion is a misdirection to a dead-end. As far as I know, the only solid clue to the secret of how to activate the easily discoverable 5-pointed star is in the so called Foot-circle. One must reinvent the entire conceptbasing on just this one clue; therefore, for practical purposes, the monkey glyph by itself is an unsolvable puzzle.  This could be why no one but me had ever solved it.

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          How to Solve an Unsolvable Puzzle

 It was easy to rescue the monkey from limbo in the scientific doghouse; long ago, I had solved a different edition of the same puzzle.. The monkey had been fashioned clad in impenetrable mystery to all except those already familiar with the Cone & Square concept! 
In terms of sheer complexity, Nazca Monkey does not begin to compare to the Athena engraving, but it is no less captivating.  The design per se culminates in a virtual lesson on the one method which produces the regular 5-pointed star in only thirteen steps - the fastest such construction there is. It's not rocket-science, but it does attain the ultimate level in its category and therefore is sophisticated. A whiff of rocket-fuel hangs about, however, after we see this same idea clearly - and with extreme accuracy -  mirrored in the Athena-engraving! Note, I did not identify this idea in the engraving until checking back to it from the monkey with the idea already in hand. Getting a helping hand from the monkey was therefore decisive, and quite a thrill. There is back and forth time-travel of ideas going on in the subspace between Nazca in South America and La Marche in Europe! 
Many years later, I learned that the above mentioned 13-Step method of pentagram construction is essential to the exact recreation from clean slate (all parameters within a fraction of one millimeter) of the layout of the great Giza pyramids (as surveyed by Petrie). No wonder, no one could do the same in over a hundred years, although many had tried. Having prerequisite knowledge is a crucial advantage.   
What mysterious force is behind this paradigm-changing global phenomenon of ancient sites mirroring each other's ideas? A name like "Agency" seems adequately vague. We don't know what it is, but over the span of 12,000 years or so, this Agency had left its inimitable signature at La Marche, Nazca, and Giza - advertizing  its power and proffering a source for paradoxes of history, such as the Baalbek Terrace, Vedic vimanas, Atlantis, nephilim, Giza pyramids, Abydos Helicopter, etc.  
Having evidence pass tests in the abstract realm of geometry leaves no doubt about geometry in the evidence.  All that remains is a verification of its existence by objective and authoritative third parties. But, none have been in sight.  Yet, googling for "Nazca monkey," my study has always been in the Top Three; so, it's in no way veiled by obscurity.  It's also stored by the "Biblioteca Pleyades" and linked to by various sites. Pundits have no excuse for pretending that it does not exist.

On the whole, the opposition subscribes to a doctrine which holds that significant geometric or mathematical order can be found practically everywhere, in any random collections of lines and points, ancient art, cloud formations, and so on.
To see how misleading the doctrine can be, one has to look at its effects -- the baby goes down the drain with bath-water, as any rational abstract order found in ancient artifacts shall be presumed to be devoid of intention.




       M
anifest order in the monkey figure.    


                         



This study uses a copy of the Nazca monkey originally published by Maria Reiche, Nazca's scholarly guardian angel. She had learned about the giant figure on the pampa from commercial pilots in 1952, some years after her arrival to Nazca. It became her favorite figure, and she ascribed it special significance, therefore, her measurements of it should be especially meticulous

"The monkey and surroundings would be an appropriate subject for a special study, as it is a complete unit and the pursuit of each line to its origin does not, as at the border of the pampa, lead unendingly from one thing to another." 

Anyway, it looks like my present copy is sufficiently accurate in preserving major aspects of the design. Still, I would love to have a highly accurate plan of the monkey, one which would map both line-edges, and moreover be a part of an accurate survey of the entire Nazca.

Standing Tall

Even a cursory inspection of the monkey glyph reveals evidence that these are no random scribbles, but a measured effort. In the diagram above, the two longest lines in the image form a big X-shape. The X's axis of symmetry is then perfectly perpendicular to the multiple alignment along the bases of the tail, the hands, and the tops of the sixteen lines forming a zig-zag shape on the right. The vertical axis then also passes right between the monkey's feet. Obviously, this is one compellingly reasonable orientation for the monkey. 
I believe that Maria Reiche would have noted this alignment.After all we are working with her copy of the desert glyph, and this alignment is strong, and obvious.
There is also the alignment to cardinal points
(shown later). It is also strong, but cannot be identified as quickly. These two alternative postures for the monkey are much different from the currently prevalent presentation, which has it tumbling on all fours. 

Science-Art

There
is one more alignment to show the reader. The two lines forming the big X, hold the angle of visually perfect 36°,  one-tenth of a circle. Hence the big X will fit into a circle an even ten times. Every line of any X then falls on the neighbouring X's line.. This idea results in the below remarkable chain of ten monkeys. The tail spirals around the head, and the hands grip the torso with such positional awareness, the effect looks absolutely.contrived.





                          The Big X


In view of such harmony, it is possible that the big X is meant to imply two 5-pointed stars in a symmetric tip-to-tip alignment. The question is, are the sizes of these stars encoded into the position somehow?

The pentagram below the X-point

The third longest line of the glyph 'c' cuts across lines 'a' and 'b' of the big X at an angle similar to that found on a pentagram. Let this cut set the size of the experimental star below the point-X. The bottom tip is, where  'c' cuts across 'a'.  
( 'c' diverges from the star-angle by an even two degrees, this is good to know for the purposes of reconstruction )




!


The pentagram above the X-point

We wish to base our second experimental star on the length of line 'a' above the point-X, but 'a' ends in a curve.  That leaves several choices for its length: 
 

Harmony

The correct move is to unfurl the curve, and add it to the line 'a'. The 5-pointed star based on this length then has an inner star, as in the image below:
That star (purple), and the two stars above and below the X-point (cyan and green) are identical.  

                                   

If we set the size of the big pentagram from 'a' without straightening the curve, in which 'a' ends, and superpose the result over the previous one, it looks like the diagram above. The Φ relationship holds in this position, as well, but there is tiny separation at the top. The top of 'a' is ambiguous, but the cut of 'a' by 'c' is straightforward. For that reason, I let it set the star's size. It becomes the standard for the remainder of this study.



        The 60° Grill
The Big-X idea in another regular figure!


The sixteen roughly parallel lines, forming a grill-like zig-zag pattern on the right of the glyph, average out to the angle of 60° with the long line ('c') crossing them. Fully a half of the sixteen lines comes close to the perfect 60° angle with the line 'c'.

We can construct the yellow equilateral triangle from the star system of the Big X in just a few simple steps, and with it the grill to a large degree:
• The first line of the big yellow equilateral triangle originates from the lower pentagram's tip at 34° to the horizontal.
• Another line (at the corresponding angle) originates from the top point of the 5-pointed star over the monkey.
We can recreate the monkey's line of horizontal balance, because it rests on the cyan unit circle centered in the lower right tip of the star. This line then intersects the pentagonal line from the star's top point. The third side of the equilateral trianle we seek . 
Some other major lines in the resulting grid then show a clear bias to passing really close to key points on the 5-pointed stars. On the equilateral triangle, the thirteenth line of the grill marks the midpoint of one side. Unfortunately, the deeper purpose of this fascinating 
hexagonal system escapes me, so far. Dead-end or not, the  design is quite spectacular, and noteworthy. 






Another visual proof that the angle of the Big X is 36°

Let's array the upper part of the Big X, (including the monkey) five times around the center of the Monkey-star (it can be a point anywhere on the central axis for just testing the angle).
Supposing we didn't know what the angle was, the result would seem strange - Five times two lines (of the Big-X) equals ten lines, whereas we see five lines. The two lines of a cone normally form two 5-pointed stars, ten lines altogether,  when arrayed like this, not just the one star we see. Unless, of course, the angle of the cone is 36°, or its multiple, and lines overlap two at a time..
Judging by the way the five monkeys entwine, we have found the right pivotal point again, the centre of the Monkey Star. The idea repeats - a chain of monkeys. The hands, and the feet, and the heads all meet in one spot. For instance, at the top right of the image, the green feet press the light brown tail against the purple head, which is held by the blue hands, one of which is pushed into the head by the dark brown tail.
There is something sinister about this funny scene. Are the five monkeys trying to kill each other?

 



The monkey's Head, Hands, and Feet standardize on the Inner Circle of the Monkey Star
 

They fit very accurately within the X-Star's Inner-circle ( Monkey-star is one of the X-stars). However, the head does so in its own way. It fits the pentagon of the Inner-circle (see below). Remarkably, in my CAD drawing of the monkey, the inner-circle fits both the hands and the feet to within three millimeters on each side, fluke or not. We can reconstruct these circles, too. The method is given in the Appendix.  
This method is essentially a repeat of the same method of using standard circles set by a 5-pointed star, as I had learned it from the engraving.




For  reconstruction of the circles go down to the addendum.


 

We found some interesting geometrical order in the image, but how does one go on from there?

Maria Reiche - the patron scientist of Nazca. may have faced this dilemma. She must have noticed that the monkey poses in the 36° Big-X, and probably devoted much thought to its geometrical regularities. Being a mathematician - she would have known then that the entire design might be an etude on the Golden Mean. Then she probably knew that the monkey was ordered with respect to the four cardinal points, as well. No wonder, the Monkey was her favorite design.

Perhaps, Reiche kept some of her findings back. To put it poetically, I believe, she had been wary of malevolence from the bobbing ranks of scholars ever-ready to pounce on the latest Atlantis Mania patient. Then again, since Maria herself was opposed to the 'fanciful' notions of Ancient Astronauts, and Atlantis, perhaps, she had practised too much prudence. Most importantly, she had no way of discovering the unifying idea, which would correlate the two kinds of order so manifest in the monkey, because the strategic Square itself is completely missing from the picture.
In contrast, I observed parallels in geometrical ideas between the monkey and the Athena engraving before observing its alignment to the cardinal points . The Big X is like twice the Cone of Athena's  "Cone & Square" configuration,  and one of the standard circles (Triplets) of Athena is standard in the monkey, as well. That set my course of action -  to test the "Cone & Square" on the monkey!

See the experiment below. The peach colored diamond is the Square as set by the blue Cone.



                                 



                                               

                           The Square's diagonals are oriented to the cardinal points!

                                         

The Square's position is interesting in relation to the square, which the monkey signals with its arms. Their sizes look the same, and both squares have almost the same elevation at the top, while their orientation differs by 45°.
All four corners of the Square are meaningfully placed with respect to the monkey's body. The lower three corners are anchored in the monkey's spine, knee, and a finger. The top corner appears to be on the horizontal line, which also serves as the limit for the top of the head, top of an ear, and top of the elbow. The Square's y-axis tunnels down the upper right arm while the vertical from the left corner of the Square tunnels down the spine. The horizontal from its bottom corner tunnels through one of the monkey's thighs.

I was happy with these initial results even without any knowledge of the Square's orientation to the world-compass. That was one of the pleasant surprises still to come.  
 



               


 The Monkey Frame

To see the monkey’s layout with respect to the cardinal points, we simply enclose it between four East-West oriented lines, as in the above image. This gives us the Monkey Frame. Its sides are parallel with the x,y-axes of the Square. To this frame, we add central axes. We see:
the monkey’s vertical spine divides the monkey in half neatly along the East-West axis

• the lower right forearm - the monkey’s longest straight line - divides the frame into southern and northern halves


Conclusion

The Monkey Frame’s axes clearly govern the monkey’s layout as two ‘great divides’.
More Frames

If we pay attention to the monkey's body-language, we see that its arms signal a square (Arms-square). Indeed, a vertical line through the outside of the upper right arm completes a perfect square (the Arms Square) in combination with two sides of the Monkey Frame, and its horizontal axis:

•  width of the arms (East-West) = half the monkey's height

•  width of the feet  (East-West)   = half the width of the arms =  one-fourth of the monkey's height.

• width of the left foot (East-West) = half the width of the feet =  one-eighth of the monkey's height

A horizontal line along the one-fourth height marks out a square with the vertical lines bounding the feet, and with the bottom line of the Monkey-frame. This is the 
Foot-Square, the right figure left in the right place, as we'll see. 
the tip of the tail is at the three-eights height level of the Monkey-frame, and  one-fourth of the height away from the left side of the Monkey-frame. 


 



Above:
Other squares fit the monkey as well. The purple square is of the same size as the Square.
The southernmost points of the left ear and the left elbow align to the East-West axis on the big square.
There is a Hand-square as well.


      The Big Clue          

The top right corner of the Foot-square connects to the top and bottom corners of the Square by lines approximating angles found on the 5-pointed star. Therefore it is a clear indication that a star should be drawn here.  




13 Euclidean operations to construct the regular 5-pointed star (pentagram)  


To appreciate the meaning of the Foot-square in the design of the Nazca monkey, we have to review a certain construction of the regular 5-pointed star (pentagram) in thirteen (13) operations or steps . I believe it to be the fastest such construction, and this is the underlying reason for the Foot-square - to clue us onto it.

first six steps to a construction of the regular pentagram by the compases & straightedge method

The diagram above shows the first six steps. Step-1 is a horizontal line, which will eventually form one arm of the sought after star.  Next, we center circle-2 anywhere on the horizontal. Circle-3 is centered at the intersection of circle-2 with the line. Steps 4 & 5 are help circles, which give us the vertical line as step-6.  The circle-3 now has been given both horizontal and vertical axes.

Construction of the 36-degree angle

step 7: 
Draw a line between points C and 2.  
step 8: 
Draw a circle centered in 'C' through the intersection of circle-2 with the new line.
steps 9&10: 
Draw lines from the top of circle-3 to points P1 and P2 at  the intersections of circle 'C' (cyan) with circle-3 (green). These lines are tangents to circle 'C', and the angle betwen them is exactly 36 degrees. These lines will form two more arms of the 5-pointed star under construction.


point Q gives four points of the star - two tips - two corners of the inside pentagon

Construction of the regular 5-pointed star

steps 11,12,13:

Since the horizontal line will serve as one arm of the star,  the point 'Q' circled in green will be equidistant to the four circled  points on the star, two outside, and two on the pentagon inside. The circle with center Q drawn through the top of  the star gives us three more distinct points needed to complete the star.  (point Q can be on the other side as well)
I have no idea if this construction is recorded in some geometry book somewhere, all I know is that I had gotten the idea of constructing this specific star from the Nazca monkey's design. Certainly, no other star construction by the same classic rules can be more efficient than the thirteen steps we just saw.


                           The Solution to the Foot Square

The monkey is referencing the quickest method of constructing a regular 5-pointed star! One of the benefits - we can now reconstruct the Foot Square to scale for any 5-pointed star (diagrams below).









 What do we see in the inset to the right of the diagram? A circle with an inscribed square?

No, make it two concentric circles and two squares - the Square's Golden-circle, and the Foot-square's circle, plus the squares inscribed in these circles.
The circles and the squares overlap with visual perfection, as the difference between the circles' radii is a mere 0.02 m in my CAD.dwg of the monkey, which reduces to virtually nothing on the scale shown.
Conclusion:
The circle around the Foot-Square is meant to be the same as the Square's Golden Circle.  We can clearly see how the Foot Square was added to the position.





The Trans-Atlantic Connection & the Foot-square


                   



What if we backcheck on this, so far, the culminative idea of the monkey's geometry, to the Athena engraving? Will the transatlantic connection continue? Is there anything remarkable in the relationship between the Foot Square, and Athena's feet? 
                                                *
The Athena engraving already has its Square, we just add in the Foot-square component (in the direction of Athena's feet). 
The result below : there is a definite great fit with Athena's lower right leg!
Moreover
, a square of the same size and orientation also fits Athena's helmeted head!
The test is a spectacular success
, especially, when magnified several times!





Rather than fitting over both feet as in the Nazca-monkey, the Foot-square & circle fit over Athena's right foot, and lower leg. The bottom of the square limits the feet downwards, doing exactly the same thing as in the monkey glyph. How it does so with almost microscopic precision (see the magnified view below) is most attention-worthy!
While the square's bottom limits the feet downwards, the top side of the square clearly coincides with the divide between the right thigh, and the lower leg.



The square inscribed into the Foot Square

An experimental line at 45° to the horizon snaps tightly onto the three toes of the right boot. Even under this much magnification, the fit remains simply perfect!
Three toes? Well, yes, just like the Nazca monkey! Since as a rule, neither monkeys nor humans are three-toed, this further coincidence is very telling..
The 45
° line then goes on to strategic points of the left foot. The square inscribed into the Foot-square can be skidded along this line by the right lower side until it fits the left boot in width! At that moment, the horizontal axis of the sliding square also comes to a good fit with the boots - more positive feedback for establishing the back-and-forth connection between Nazca and La Marche
 
Athena's head & the Foot Square

In a major surprise, the Foot Square also fits over Athena's helmeted head - perfectly, even under magnification! You may not believe it, but, believe me, you see it. There it is, in the diagram below, a definite fit on four sides.
Conclusion from the experiment: The fit of the Foot-square-idea learned from the monkey is stunningly accurate, when transferred upon the Athena engraving. 

The Foot Square, extended into a rectangle fitting the head as below - note the bottom left corner, and the chin - produces interesting Φ (PHI) proportions along the vertical axis.
Important: Two inside corners of the blue star are on the bottom line of the square. This data helps in reconstructions, for instance, in locating the topmost elevation of the head.

The top of the head to the face 
         1 / Φ  = 0.618..
is as the face is to the entire head
        Φ / Φ+1)  = 0.618..

The lower 1/4 of the Foot-square is marked by engraved points on the eye - nose-bridge level. 
      0.5 + 1/Φ = Square root of 5 divided by 2  (1.1180339...).

Overall, the height of the head is Phi + 1  ( 2.618..), and its width is 1 + 1. 

So,  these levels of Φ progress over the base (whose width is 2) as follows:

From the chin to the bottom of the square (end of the helmet)
•  0.618..

From the chin to the nose-bridge
• the Square root of 5 divided by 2, or 1.118..

The height of the face
•  1.618..   

The height of the head
•  
Phi squared, or 2.618.. 

The rectangle of the head represents two squared shoulder to shoulder vertical golden rectangles←

Then there is the matter of the small (blue) pentagram, whose horizontal arm protrudes through the tip of the nose. It shows that there is Φ proportioning between the vertical distances from the bridge of the nose to its tip, and down to the line of the lips.

This star's vertical Φ division also represents the following vertical distances on the head between:

• bridge of the nose, where it meets the forehead, and a line-end of the helmet
• tip of the nose
• bottom of the nose (slightly inaccurate)
• the lips

This pentagram is actually on a larger (yellow) pentagram of a height equal to the diagonal height of the Square. The x diagonal of the Square is the larger star's axis. 


For more Φ relationships on Athena's head:

The Seal of Atlantis

The Peruvian "Nazca Monkey" is identical to the 14,000 years old "Athena" engraving from La Marche, France in that both images are instances of the same geometric engine, the Cone & Square. 
To show this system in the
Athena Engraving, and how it came to light was always a long process. The engraving is complex, and the original star is not given as explicitly as in the monkey. But, the Square is signaled in many ways.
With the monkey, it is the opposite. The Cone and its 5-pointed stars are given in a strong style, but the Square is completely missing. Its spirit presence is perfectly evident however, because once we add it into the position, everything falls into place and starts making sense. The Nazca monkey is a heaven-sent help to the engraving in proving the presence of the Cone & Square system in both images. The two images work in tandem.  
The Canada Council had seen this design well back in 1987, along with my story of how it had been inspired by the engraving. Thanks to that, the design's objective existence is proven, whether truly observed or fantasized.
By itself, the detection of the Cone & Square in the Athena engraving may have looked questionable to anyone wishing that what I were wrong. 
Of course, the Canada Council had rejected my study, probably attributing it to naive interpretation of data, seeking and seeing rational order, where none exists.
What matters is that the Cone & Square system is
so extensively coherent, and original, it goes far beyond the limit of recreation by chance. The Naazca Monkey then decides the issue of authorship of this system in favor of the ancients. The two distinct instances of it are unimpeachably real together. Having met it again at Nazca, it became the "Seal of Atlantis" to me. The "Seal of an Unknown Advanced Prehistoric Civilization of either Earthly or Alien Origin", would be more accurate, but had seemed too long. In any case, it goes a long way toward proving that Plato's tantalizing account of advanced Atlantean civilization is based upon some true facts.

 

The Seal of Atlantis establishes the link:
     
         
 La Marche  →←  Nazca!     or, maybe  Europe →← Atlantis? →← America! 

The Nazca-monkey's umbilical cord stretches all the way to the Stone Age engraving of Athena. Both were born from the "Cone & Square, and this was readily recognizable in the monkey, but only thanks to lessons learned from the engraving. Then, the monkey taught me something new, too. The "13-step" pentagram construction was something I had not noticed in the engraving, and so I was very eager to test it there. It worked out great, revealing the back and forth flow of ideas between the two works.
Imagine my bewilderment at discovering, many years later, that the "13-step" pentagram construction gave birth to the ground plan of the three great pyramids of Giza, completing a trilogy with this motif! In contrast, I know zero examples of this construction from anywhere else in our media, literature, etc. Even if some exist, they are rare enough to be practically non-existent.  
The fact that no one seems to care, tells me that my research may be somewhat misunderstood and underestimated. Of course, missing out on apparently coordinated scientific communications from widely scattered points of the far past is plainly bad. If the data is just positive information, the fine is blissful, just a little ignorance. Of course, if the messages are meant to assist us in averting general disaster, then I'd rather be wrong. 


            Appendix

Reconstruction of the Circles around the Head, Hands, and the Feet

 Reconstruction of the Monkey Frame 


     .

Reconstruction of the Circles around the Head, Hands, and the Feet

Despite fitting the original Head-Hand-Foot circles to the image by eye - their positioning to the Monkey-star turned out easy to define in simple geometrical terms resulting in a neat blueprint - key to the monkey's reconstruction.

 Hand-circle's Exact Coordinates

First coordinate:

Its center is on the vertical line b1, which emanates from the Monkey-star's tip just above (it is a major line in the star's grid).

Second coordinate:

Pentagon No. 2 in these diagrams is a direct projection of the inner pentagon of the Monkey Star. Its rotation about the star's center describes a circle, which is tangential to the Hand-circle (magnified view below). This solves the second coordinate for Hand-circle's reconstruction. 
At this point, we can reconstruct the Hand-circle, and the line-1, which is the laser-like line of sight from the center of the Monkey Star through a pointlike aperture between the hands. We can also reconstruct line 3.

Foot-circle's Exact Coordinates

First coordinate of the Foot Circle:

This idea is straightforward. Line-3 originates at the same point, at which Line-1 exits the Hand-circle. It is a tangent to the top of the Foot-circle, giving us its elevation. 
 


 


 
 

Second coordinate of the Foot-circle:
The pentagon we see inscribed into the Foot-circle is a direct projection of Pentagon No. 2 downwards and parallel to line "b".
Two coordinates give us the Foot circle. The star lines we see within it then give a number of important parameters on the feet. For instance, we see the extent of the small toe on the left foot given in the diagram. The left foot is indicated by its high arching instep, an adaptation for upright posture and fast running.
Special Effect 
Two distances involved measure 17.9999.. X-Star meters - almost a perfectly round value: These are the distances of the centers of both the Foot-circle and the Monkey Star to the nearest corner of the other circle's pentagon. 

Head-circle's exact coordinates 

First coordinate of the Head Circle
A line from the Head Circle's center perpendicular to Line-1 is a tangent to the inner Monkey Star circle. And the line drawn from the center of the Monkey Star as a tangent to the Head Circle will be perpendicular to Line-1. 
Second coordinate of the Head-circle
It is given by the Square, not seen in the diagram above. It involves a major line of the Square's grid (through the 1/4 point of its y-diagonal.
                                   * 
The distance between the centers of the Head-circle and the Cone's Key-circle ( see the "seat1.htm" for details on the Cone)  is quite interesting 

                      
                           
11.777,777,67... X-Star meters. 




Reconstruction of the Monkey Frame


The Golden Triangle

The triangle inscribed into the rectangle in the diagram above is a pretty good facsimile of the Golden Triangle. The angle at its tip is 35.8 degrees, i.e., it is very close to being like any of the five yellow triangles on the inscribed pentagram in the above image.
The scale model of this situation is very reproducible from memory This is the second such scale model we have for the monkey.

             

The idea seems to be that the Monkey Frame's intended height should equal the  Foot-square's perimeter.  (4x one side of the square inscribed into the Golden Circle) 
The idea is easy to reproduce (see above), because we know the position of the Foot Square. We get the southern and northern lines of the Monkey Frame, plus one axis. 
The height of the rectangle also gives us its width. Next, we need to determine its East-West position.  
                                                          *
It seems that the lower line of the triangle pointing west passes through one inside corner of the Monkey Star. That point is marked by a small yellow circle in the diagram above. So, we try this idea. See the reconstructed Monkey Frame below, where the inscribed triangle is exactly 36 degrees at the tip.  



The Monkey Frame turns out slightly higher, and slightly narrower. We can just see  daylight between the Foot-square's base and the lowest point of the foot. The Monkey Frame fits especially well on the western (right) side, to within a couple centimeters. Everything else in the reconstruction below, like the Foot-square's width, the axes, and the Arms-Square, turns out very exact. Note, how the straight horizontal line of the right forearm is completely blotted out by the Frame's horizontal axis. The same line on the upper arm is similarly blotted out in its straight part by one side of the Arms Square
 
Diagram below:
Another view of how well the geometrical template fits over the monkey figure. Note, how the Big-X lines almost disappear without trace under the star lines.  


Meanwhile, competition is doing reconstructions of Nazca figures, as well: 
http://www.onagocag.com/nazca.html
The reconstructor, Joe Nickell, chose primitive methods to emulate the ancient Nazcans. He does not think Nazcans could measure angles!  "... there appears to be no evidence that the Nazcas had such a capability" he wrote.

Jiri Mruzek
If you'd like to contact me, or weigh in with an opinion,  I am at Yahoo.com. Just use my name without the space and use a heading like ancient mathematics, or so.




 

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